{"id":747,"date":"2014-11-05T14:10:24","date_gmt":"2014-11-05T14:10:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/?p=747"},"modified":"2014-11-05T14:10:24","modified_gmt":"2014-11-05T14:10:24","slug":"interstellar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/interstellar\/","title":{"rendered":"Interstellar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar.thm_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-756\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar.thm_-1024x576.png\" alt=\"interstellar.thm_\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar.thm_-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar.thm_-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar.thm_-400x225.png 400w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar.thm_.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Interstellar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Na\u0161a modr\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta umiera a \u013eudstvu ve\u013ea \u010dasu u\u017e nezost\u00e1va. M\u00e1 iba dve mo\u017enosti: skona\u0165 spolu so Zemou, alebo ju naveky opusti\u0165 a\u00a0h\u013eada\u0165 ob\u00fdvate\u013en\u00fa plan\u00e9tu medzi hviezdami. Len\u017ee cesta k\u00a0nej by s\u00a0dne\u0161nou technol\u00f3giou trvala desa\u0165tis\u00edce rokov. Film\u00e1r Christopher Nolan v\u0161ak pozn\u00e1 odpove\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, ako sa dosta\u0165 r\u00fdchlo ku\u00a0hviezdam&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-748\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-jessica-chastain-interstellar-facebook.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Dok\u00e1zalo by dnes \u013eudstvo, keby mu hrozilo vyhynutie, cestu do vzdialen\u00fdch k\u00fatov na\u0161ej galaxie zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165? Teoreticky \u00e1no, ak by na vesm\u00edrnej lodi, ktor\u00fa by sme museli postavi\u0165 na obe\u017enej dr\u00e1he Zeme, vystriedalo ve\u013ea gener\u00e1ci\u00ed. Len\u017ee&#8230; Sta\u010d\u00ed len mal\u00e1 chyba \u010di na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead ban\u00e1lna hav\u00e1ria a\u00a0\u013eudstvo by bolo nav\u017edy straten\u00e9. Re\u017eis\u00e9r a\u00a0scen\u00e1rista Christopher Nolan (autor sn\u00edmok ako The Dark Knight \u010di Inception) v\u0161ak prich\u00e1dza s\u00a0n\u00e1padom, ktor\u00fd s\u00edce vo svete sci-fi nie je \u017eiadnou novinkou, ale sp\u00f4sob jeho spracovania ho rob\u00ed prelomov\u00fdm. Toti\u017e mo\u017enos\u0165 cestovania k\u00a0hviezdam nepredstavuje ako hotov\u00fa vec ako v\u00a0mnoh\u00fdch podobne laden\u00fdch sci-fi sn\u00edmkach, ale priv\u00e1dza n\u00e1s do momentu, kedy sa \u013eudstvo prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t odhodlalo na nebezpe\u010dn\u00fa cestu. Cestu, ktor\u00e1 presahuje hranice doteraj\u0161\u00edch anab\u00e1z do vesm\u00edru&#8230; V\u00a0hre je v\u0161etko, lebo od pokusu odv\u00e1\u017enych astronautov prejs\u0165 prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t cez \u010derviu dieru, sp\u00e1jaj\u00facu giganticky vzdialen\u00e9 miesta v\u00a0\u010dasopriestore, z\u00e1vis\u00ed osud obyvate\u013eov Zeme.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-759\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-INTERSTELLAR-TRAILER-facebook-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"o-INTERSTELLAR-TRAILER-facebook\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-INTERSTELLAR-TRAILER-facebook-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-INTERSTELLAR-TRAILER-facebook-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-INTERSTELLAR-TRAILER-facebook-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/o-INTERSTELLAR-TRAILER-facebook.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1ujem velik\u00e1nov<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>U\u017e len skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee za filmom Interstellar bude st\u00e1\u0165 Nolan, vyvolal pred rokmi obrovsk\u00fd z\u00e1ujem nad\u0161encov sci-fi aj filmov\u00fdch kritikov. Oba t\u00e1bory toti\u017e vedeli, \u017ee ak sa do nie\u010doho pust\u00ed on, tak to ur\u010dite bude st\u00e1\u0165 zato. Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1pad prv\u00e9ho \u201eostr\u00e9ho\u201c cestovania astronautov cez \u010derviu dieru sa v\u00a0Nolanovej mysli zrodil e\u0161te v\u00a0roku 2007 a hne\u010f mu s\u00a0p\u00edsan\u00edm scen\u00e1ra pri\u0161iel na pomoc brat, Jonathan. Napokon spolu vytvorili tak\u00e9 p\u00fatav\u00e9 dielo, \u017ee mu producentky Lynda Obst a\u00a0Emma Thomas neodolali, ba \u010do viac, zelen\u00fa mu bez zav\u00e1hania dala aj spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Paramount Pictures. Pravda, do \u201eklubu vesm\u00edrnych cestovate\u013eov\u201c sa pridala aj spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Warner Bros, ktor\u00e1 dlh\u00e9 roky vyr\u00e1bala a\u00a0distribuovala Nolanove predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face sn\u00edmky. Aj ona najnov\u0161\u00ed po\u010din finan\u010dne podporila (a, samozrejme, bude ma\u0165 aj \u010das\u0165 z\u00a0pr\u00edjmu, ktor\u00fd zrejme dosiahne nieko\u013eko sto mili\u00f3nov dol\u00e1rov).<\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00e1 klapka padla v\u00a0poslednom \u0161tvr\u0165roku 2013 v\u00a0kanadskej provincii Alberta a nakr\u00facanie nesk\u00f4r pokra\u010dovalo v\u00a0Los Angeles. Samozrejme, film\u00e1ri museli n\u00e1js\u0165 aj exotickej\u0161ie miesta, ke\u010f\u017ee prv\u00e1 \u013eudsk\u00e1 medzihviezdna misia sa dostane do vzdialen\u00fdch svetov, kde prevl\u00e1da prachov\u00e1 b\u00farka, nekone\u010dn\u00fd oce\u00e1n \u010di v\u0161etko pokr\u00fdvaj\u00faci \u013ead &#8211; pre ten na\u0161li vhodn\u00e9 miesto na juhu Islandu (\u013eadovec Sv\u00ednafellsj\u00f6kull), kde 350-\u010dlenn\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1b tr\u00e1vil dva t\u00fd\u017edne.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar-trailer-official-warner-bros..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-758\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar-trailer-official-warner-bros.-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"interstellar----trailer----official-warner-bros.\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar-trailer-official-warner-bros.-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar-trailer-official-warner-bros.-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar-trailer-official-warner-bros.-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/interstellar-trailer-official-warner-bros..jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hviezdne obsadenie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Okrem t\u00e9my do posledn\u00fdch detailov premyslen\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu \u010di vhodn\u00fdch lokal\u00edt musel Nolan n\u00e1js\u0165 aj najlep\u0161\u00edch hercov. Do hlavnej \u00falohy cestovate\u013ea k\u00a0hviezdam teda obsadil oscarov\u00e9ho Matthewa McConaugheyho &#8211; stv\u00e1rnil ovdoven\u00e9ho in\u017einiera, ktor\u00fd mus\u00ed opusti\u0165 svoje dve deti a pripoji\u0165 sa ku kozmickej plavbe s cie\u013eom zachr\u00e1ni\u0165 nielen \u013eudstvo, ale aj svoje ratolesti: \u201eO McConaugheyho som sa za\u010dal zauj\u00edma\u0165, ke\u010f som videl jeho v\u00fdkon vo filme Mud (2012).\u201c<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-00748.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-749\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-00748-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"INTERSTELLAR\" width=\"900\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-00748-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-00748-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-00748-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a>\u010eal\u0161\u00edmi hviezdami v\u00a0hereckej zostave s\u00fa taktie\u017e \u201eoscarov\u00ed\u201c Anne Hathaway a Matt Damon. Medzi hlavn\u00fdmi predstavite\u013emi n\u00e1jdeme aj \u010fal\u0161ie zn\u00e1me men\u00e1: Michael Caine, Jessica Chastain, Bill Irwin, Ellen Burstyn, Wes Bentley, Casey Affleck, David Gyasi, Mackenzie Foy \u010di Topher Grace. Hereck\u00fdm osobnostiam sekundovali kameraman Hoyte Van Hoytema (Her), architekt Nathan Crowley (The Dark Knight), striha\u010d Lee Smith (The Dark Knight), kost\u00fdmov\u00e1 v\u00fdtvarn\u00ed\u010dka Mary Zophres (True Grit) a hudbu zlo\u017eil hudobn\u00fd skladate\u013e a dr\u017eite\u013e Oscara Hans Zimmer.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Interstellar.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-755\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Interstellar-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Interstellar\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Interstellar-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Interstellar-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Interstellar-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Interstellar.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0160t\u00fadium te\u00f3rie relativity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Existuj\u00fa re\u00e1lne predpoklady, aby sa \u013eudstvo mohlo v\u00a0bl\u00edzkej dobe vyda\u0165 aspo\u0148 k\u00a0najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm hviezdnym syst\u00e9mom? M\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u010dervie diery skuto\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0dok\u00e1zali by sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako kr\u00e1tke mosty ku\u00a0vzdialen\u00fdm svetom? Aj tak\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky si re\u017eis\u00e9r kl\u00e1dol ot\u00e1zky a\u00a0odpovede h\u013eadal u\u00a0t\u00fdch najpovolanej\u0161\u00edch. Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0nich bol teoretick\u00fd fyzik Kip Thorne a jeho pr\u00e1ca aj do ve\u013ekej miery posl\u00fa\u017eila ako v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fd bod pri p\u00edsan\u00ed scen\u00e1ra. Mimochodom, o\u00a0diela Thornea prejavil pred rokmi z\u00e1ujem aj re\u017eis\u00e9r Steven Spielberg&#8230; Nolan po\u010das p\u00edsania scen\u00e1ra \u0161tyri roky \u0161tudoval te\u00f3riu relativity na California Institute of Technology. K\u00a0\u010domu v\u0161etk\u00e9mu mohol dospie\u0165? Napr\u00edklad k\u00a0poznaniu, \u017ee mus\u00edme zr\u00fdchli\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-32535.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-754\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-32535-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"INTERSTELLAR\" width=\"900\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-32535-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-32535-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-32535-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mus\u00edme zr\u00fdchli\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Najr\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed \u010dlovekom zostrojen\u00fd stroj, sonda Voyager, opust\u00ed slne\u010dn\u00fa s\u00fastavu niekedy o\u00a030.000 rokov. In\u00fdmi slovami, bez prelomov\u00fdch pokrokov vo vede a\u00a0technike zostane \u013eudstvo uv\u00e4znen\u00e9 v najbli\u017e\u0161om susedstve Slnka. Jeden z\u00a0prostriedkov, ktor\u00e9 by n\u00e1m umo\u017enili odp\u00fata\u0165 sa od svojho kozmick\u00e9ho rodiska, predstavuje pod\u013ea fyzikov ak\u00e1si vesm\u00edrna plachetnica, poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00e1\u00a0 fot\u00f3nmi, \u010di\u017ee v\u0161adepr\u00edtomn\u00fdm \u017eiaren\u00edm hviezd. Tak\u00e9to plavidlo nepotrebuje \u017eiadne palivo a m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 stoviek tis\u00edc kilometrov za hodinu. No ke\u010f\u017ee je tlak kozmick\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia (napr\u00edklad slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svetla) nepatrn\u00fd, tak\u00e9to zariadenia by potrebovali mimoriadne dlh\u00fd \u010das na rozbeh. Po \u0161tarte na Zemi by vesm\u00edrne plachetnice dosiahli obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu Pluta pribli\u017ene po piatich rokov. Sonde Voyager to trvalo dvan\u00e1s\u0165 rokov.<\/p>\n<p>E\u0161te r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie by letelo zariadenie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na podobnom princ\u00edpe, no jeho plachty by nepoh\u00e1\u0148alo vesm\u00edrneho \u017eiarenie, ale lasery. Tie by sa nach\u00e1dzali mimo plavidla a potenci\u00e1lne by ho dok\u00e1zali zr\u00fdchli\u0165 a\u017e na 50 % r\u00fdchlosti svetla. V\u00fdprava k najbli\u017e\u0161ej hviezde by potom vyzerala asi takto: enormne siln\u00fd laser na Zemi alebo na inom telese slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy by sa svoj\u00edm l\u00fa\u010dom \u201eoprel\u201c do plachty kozmickej plachetnice a postupne by ju zr\u00fdch\u013eoval. Pos\u00e1dka plavidla by nesk\u00f4r na niektor\u00e9 teleso v syst\u00e9me Alfa Centauri umiestnila \u010fal\u0161\u00ed extern\u00fd laser, ktor\u00fd by kozmick\u00fa plachetnicu poslal sp\u00e4\u0165 do slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy. Hoci by tak\u00e9to zariadenie predstavovalo obrovsk\u00fd krok vpred v porovnan\u00ed s dne\u0161n\u00fdmi typmi vesm\u00edrneho pohonu (aj v porovnan\u00ed s vesm\u00edrnou plachetnicou, poh\u00e1\u0148anou vesm\u00edrnym \u017eiaren\u00edm), pos\u00e1dka by k najbli\u017e\u0161ej hviezde kv\u00f4li f\u00e1ze zr\u00fdch\u013eovania a spoma\u013eovania cestovala okolo \u0161tyridsa\u0165 rokov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u00e1dejn\u00e1 antihmota<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>E\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie n\u00e1deje futuristov vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa motory na antihmotu. Pri jej strete s norm\u00e1lnou hmotou vznik\u00e1 nesmierne energick\u00e1 expl\u00f3zia gama \u017eiarenia, ktor\u00fa by sa dalo usmerni\u0165 pomocou siln\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea. Kozmick\u00e1 lo\u010f poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00e1 tak\u00fdmto pohonom by dok\u00e1zala kri\u017eova\u0165 vesm\u00edr r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou viac ako 50 % r\u00fdchlosti svetla. Cesta k Alfa Centauri by tak trvala iba cca dev\u00e4\u0165 rokov. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v\u0161ak sp\u00f4sobuje fakt, \u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017eeme vytvori\u0165 dostatok antihmoty, ba \u010do viac, na\u0161a dne\u0161n\u00e1 technol\u00f3gia neposta\u010d\u00ed ani na jej dlhodobej\u0161ie skladovanie. Samozrejme, vedci za posledn\u00e9 roky aj v\u00a0t\u00fdchto oblastiach pokro\u010dili, no ich v\u00fdsledky na cestovanie ku\u00a0hviezdam zatia\u013e nesta\u010dia.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-25148rv2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-753\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-25148rv2-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"INTERSTELLAR\" width=\"900\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-25148rv2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-25148rv2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-25148rv2-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vesm\u00edrne skratky <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u013dudstvo sa sotva uspokoj\u00ed s v\u00fdletmi k najbli\u017e\u0161ej hviezde, trvaj\u00facimi cel\u00e9 dek\u00e1dy, ke\u010f existuj\u00fa miliardy vzdialenej\u0161\u00edch hviezd, mnoh\u00e9 s viacer\u00fdmi plan\u00e9tami. Bez schopnosti prekona\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla sa v\u0161ak sotva staneme skuto\u010dnou civiliz\u00e1ciou vesm\u00edrnych cestovate\u013eov &#8211; napokon, iba na\u0161a galaxia, \u201emal\u00e1\u201c Mlie\u010dna cesta, meria viac ako 100.000 sveteln\u00fdch rokov. Iste, r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla je fyzik\u00e1lna z\u00e1konitos\u0165, ktor\u00fa v priestore nemo\u017eno ob\u00eds\u0165, na\u0161\u0165astie v\u0161ak existuj\u00fa v\u00fdchodisk\u00e1, hoci zatia\u013e len hypotetick\u00e9 a \u0161pekulat\u00edvne. Napr\u00edklad \u010dervie diery, ak\u00e9si tunely v \u010dasopriestore, sp\u00e1jaj\u00face dva \u013eubovo\u013ene od\u013eahl\u00e9 body vesm\u00edru. Okrem protagonistov filmu Interstellar ich vyu\u017e\u00edvali taktie\u017e hrdinovia seri\u00e1lu Star trek: Hlbok\u00fd vesm\u00edr 9.<\/p>\n<p>Tieto \u010dudesn\u00e9 objekty nevymysleli sci-fi spisovatelia ani scen\u00e1risti, ale ich existenciu na z\u00e1klade rovn\u00edc v\u0161eobecnej relativity navrhol samotn\u00fd Albert Einstein. \u017dia\u013e, pod\u013ea fyzikov &#8211; bez stabilizuj\u00facej pomoci hypotetickej exotickej hmoty, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 negat\u00edvnu hmotnos\u0165, sa tieto vesm\u00edrne skratky zr\u00fatia sam\u00e9 do seba kr\u00e1tko po vzniku. In\u00e1 verzia \u010derv\u00edch dier potrebuje na svoju stabiliz\u00e1ciu enormn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 pozit\u00edvnej energie, ktor\u00fa by pod\u013ea teoretick\u00e9ho fyzika Michia Kakua mohla doda\u0165 napr\u00edklad dvojica \u010diernych dier. Iba\u017ee Kaku poznamen\u00e1va, \u017ee od schopnosti manipulova\u0165 s \u010diernymi dierami sme st\u00e1ro\u010dia, ak nie tis\u00edcro\u010dia, vzdialen\u00ed. Tret\u00ed typ \u010derv\u00edch dier vy\u017eaduje pre zmenu obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estva negat\u00edvnej energie. Jej prejavy sa s\u00edce podarilo pozorova\u0165, no aj v tomto pr\u00edpade sme od schopnosti z\u00edska\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo a manipulova\u0165 s n\u00edm vzdialen\u00ed prinajlep\u0161om st\u00e1ro\u010dia. A v neposlednom rade, varuje Kaku, m\u00f4\u017ee sa uk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee ak\u00e9ko\u013evek \u010dervie diery s\u00fa nestabiln\u00e9 za ak\u00fdchko\u013evek okolnost\u00ed. Bu\u010f by cestovate\u013ea, ktor\u00fd by do nich vkro\u010dil, r\u00f4znymi nepekn\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi zahubili, alebo by sa skr\u00e1tka odparili kr\u00e1tko potom, ako by do nich vo\u0161iel a zmenili sa z vesm\u00edrnej skratky na vesm\u00edrne v\u00e4zenie.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Warpov\u00fd pohon<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pokia\u013e kdesi v kozme n\u00e1hodou nen\u00e1jdeme stabiln\u00e9 \u010dervie diery, \u010do pod\u013ea z\u00e1konov fyziky nie je pravdepodobn\u00e9, v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1ro\u010diach budeme potrebova\u0165 in\u00fd sp\u00f4sob \u201enadsveteln\u00e9ho\u201c pohonu. K v\u00fdvoju jedn\u00e9ho tak\u00e9ho sme, zd\u00e1 sa, vykonali prv\u00e9 drobn\u00e9 kr\u00f4\u010diky. Ide o warpov\u00fd pohon Star treku. Jeho princ\u00edp je vcelku jednoduch\u00fd. Warpom poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00e9 plavidlo nelet\u00ed nadsvetelnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou v priestore, ale vytv\u00e1ra si ak\u00fasi bublinu subpriestoru, vo\u010di ktorej sa teleso nepohybuje, a teda neporu\u0161uje z\u00e1kony relativity. Nadsvetelnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou sa toti\u017e pohybuje samotn\u00e1 nehmotn\u00e1 bublina, ktor\u00e1 okolo seba men\u00ed metriku vesm\u00edru &#8211; \u010dasopriestor pred sebou zmr\u0161\u0165uje, nech\u00e1 ho skrz seba \u201epretiec\u0165\u201c a n\u00e1sledne ho za sebou roztiahne.<\/p>\n<p>Hoci to m\u00f4\u017ee pripada\u0165 ako nezmysel, deformovanie \u010dasopriestoru je skuto\u010dne mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u010faka negat\u00edvnej energii. \u017dia\u013e, pod\u013ea v\u00fdpo\u010dtov fyzikov by sme na vznik warpovej bubliny, ve\u013ekej cca 200 metrov, potrebovali mno\u017estvo energie asi miliardn\u00e1sobne vy\u0161\u0161ie ako s\u00fa\u010det v\u0161etkej energie pozorovate\u013en\u00e9ho vesm\u00edru. Nehovoriac o probl\u00e9me riadenia trajekt\u00f3rie bubliny, ktor\u00e1 sa po uzavret\u00ed stane zvn\u00fatra neovl\u00e1date\u013en\u00e1. Inform\u00e1cia sa toti\u017e nem\u00f4\u017ee pohybova\u0165 r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ako svetlo, kv\u00f4li \u010domu by \u017eiaden sign\u00e1l lode nedosiahol predn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 warpovej bubliny.<\/p>\n<p>V\u010faka ned\u00e1vnym pokrokom vedcov z NASA v\u0161ak warpov\u00fd pohon p\u00f4sob\u00ed menej nepravdepodobne ako predt\u00fdm. Fyzik a in\u017einier Harold \u00a0White zmenil dizajn warpovej bubliny na prstenec obkolesuj\u00faci plavidlo, \u010do pod\u013ea neho dramaticky zn\u00ed\u017eilo energetick\u00e9 n\u00e1roky pohonu. White so svoj\u00edm vedeck\u00fdm t\u00edmom z\u00e1rove\u0148 v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pl\u00e1nuje experimentova\u0165 s efektmi warpov\u00e9ho po\u013ea. In\u00fdmi slovami, m\u00f4\u017eeme vyhl\u00e1si\u0165, \u017ee NASA v skuto\u010dne pracuje na warpovom pohone&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-17895r.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-751\" src=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-17895r-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"INTERSTELLAR\" width=\"900\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-17895r-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-17895r-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/FL-17895r-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Zauj\u00edmavosti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>* Autori filmu Interstellar sa sna\u017eili \u010do najviac utaji\u0165 nielen obsah scen\u00e1ra, ale aj samotn\u00e9 nakr\u00facania, aby sa na verejnos\u0165 dostalo \u010do najmenej inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Aj hudobn\u00fd skladate\u013e Hans Zimmer dostal len jednu str\u00e1nku z\u00a0scen\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<p>* Film nat\u00e1\u010dali pod kryc\u00edm menom <em>Flora&#8217;s Letter, to vzniklo pod\u013ea mena<\/em> Nolanov<a href=\"http:\/\/www.csfd.cz\/tvurce\/3022-christopher-nolan\/\">ej<\/a>\u00a0dc\u00e9ry Flora.<\/p>\n<p>* <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csfd.cz\/tvurce\/3022-christopher-nolan\/\">Nolan<\/a> a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csfd.cz\/tvurce\/334-matthew-mcconaughey\/\">McConaughey<\/a> ne\u010dakane pri\u0161li na Comic Cone 2014 v San Diegu, kde zop\u00e1r slov venovali aj\u00a0pripravovan\u00e9mu filmu.<\/p>\n<p>* Ako in\u0161pir\u00e1cia k\u00a0filmu sl\u00fa\u017eili aj sn\u00edmky Metropoli (1927), Blade Runer (1982) a\u00a0hlavne 2001: Vesm\u00edrna odysea (1968).<\/p>\n<p>* Scen\u00e1r k\u00a0filmu sa zaklad\u00e1 na te\u00f3ri\u00e1ch astrofyzika, teoretick\u00e9ho a gravita\u010dn\u00e9ho fyzika Kipa Thorna o prekon\u00e1van\u00ed rozsiahlych vzdialenost\u00ed pri medzihviezdnom cestovan\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>* Ide o\u00a0prv\u00fd film Nolana bez jeho dvorn\u00e9ho kameramana Wallyho Pfistera. Ten toti\u017e pripravoval a nat\u00e1\u010dal svoj re\u017eis\u00e9rky debut Transcendence (2014).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tom\u00e1\u0161 Szmrecs\u00e1nyi, Du\u0161an Valent<\/p>\n<p>foto Continental film<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Interstellar Na\u0161a modr\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta umiera a \u013eudstvu ve\u013ea \u010dasu u\u017e nezost\u00e1va. M\u00e1 iba dve mo\u017enosti: skona\u0165 spolu so Zemou, alebo ju naveky opusti\u0165 a\u00a0h\u013eada\u0165 ob\u00fdvate\u013en\u00fa plan\u00e9tu medzi hviezdami. Len\u017ee cesta k\u00a0nej by s\u00a0dne\u0161nou technol\u00f3giou trvala desa\u0165tis\u00edce rokov. Film\u00e1r Christopher Nolan v\u0161ak pozn\u00e1 odpove\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, ako sa dosta\u0165 r\u00fdchlo ku\u00a0hviezdam&#8230; Dok\u00e1zalo by dnes \u013eudstvo, keby [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":757,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-747","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-oktober-2014","category-story"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/747","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=747"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":760,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/747\/revisions\/760"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/goldman.sk\/home\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}